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A group of 20 selected passenger airlines reported a system operating profit margin of 8.2 percent in the third quarter of 2007, the highest third quarter profit margin since 1999 and the first time since 2000 that airlines have had six consecutive profitable quarters, the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) of the U.S. Department of Transportation reported today in a release of preliminary data. The 20-carrier group consists of the seven largest network, low-cost and regional carriers based on operating revenue.
BTS, a part of the Research and Innovative Technology Administration, reported that the profit margin in the July-September period was the sixth consecutive quarter with a profit margin for the group after a loss margin in the first quarter of 2006. The industry’s larger airlines, the network carriers, reported an operating profit margin of 8.8 percent. Operating margin measures profit or loss as a percentage of the airline’s total operating revenue.
ATA Airlines failed to report its third quarter financials to BTS. ATA’s financials, which are included in the low-cost category as part of a 21-carrier group for earlier quarters, are not included for the third quarter of 2007. Due to the lack of ATA data, no third quarter 2007 calculations for the low-cost carriers as a group are included in this release.
This release consists of domestic plus international, or system, financial reports for the airlines.
The network group’s profit margin of 8.8 percent in the third quarter was a 3.4 percentage point improvement from the 5.4 percent profit margin in the third quarter of 2006 (Table 1). The seven network carriers reported a combined operating profit of $2.4 billion in the third quarter for the group’s sixth consecutive quarterly profit margin. In the third quarter of 2006, the seven network carriers’ operating profit was $1.9 billion.
The regional carriers reported a 5.3 percent profit margin, down from a 10.0 percent profit margin in the third quarter of 2006. The seven regional carriers reported a $132 million operating profit in the third quarter of 2007 (Table 1).
The top three operating profit margins were all reported by network carriers Northwest Airlines, Alaska and United Airlines. (Table 2). Regional carrier ExpressJet Airlines and low-cost carrier America West Airlines reported the only operating loss margins (Tables 3-4). ExpressJet operates both point-to-point service under its own brand and regional service under contract for network carriers.
America West and US Airways reported data separately in the third quarter because the carriers held two operating certificates despite their merged business operations. They are now operating under a single certificate and will begin reporting data jointly in the fourth quarter.
Network carriers operate a significant portion of their flights using at least one hub where connections are made for flights on a spoke system. Low-cost carriers are those that the industry recognizes as operating under a low-cost business model, with lower infrastructure costs and higher rates of productivity. Regional carriers provide service from small cities, using primarily regional jets to support the network carriers’ hub and spoke systems. The selected groups consist of the seven carriers in each group with the highest reported operating revenue in the most recent 12-month period.
The network carriers, with a gain of 0.8 cents per available seat-mile (ASM) to 14.9 cents per ASM, were the only group to report higher unit revenues in the third quarter of 2007 compared to the third quarter of 2006. For the first time since 2004 when all the carriers in the regional group were required to file quarterly financial reports with BTS, the regional carriers failed to report the highest unit revenues as their third quarter revenue of 14.7 cents per ASM was down 0.3 cents per ASM from the third quarter of 2006.
The highest unit revenues were reported by network carrier US Airways and regional carriers Comair and American Eagle Airlines (Tables 6 and 8). The lowest unit revenues were reported by low-cost carriers JetBlue Airways and Spirit Airlines and regional airline Pinnacle Airlines (Tables 7-8).
The regional carriers reported the highest unit costs in the third quarter at 14.0 cents per ASM. Network carriers’ unit costs were 13.6 cents per ASM. (Table 1)
The carriers with the highest unit costs were regional airlines Comair and American Eagle (Table 12) and network airline US Airways (Table 10). The carriers with the lowest unit costs were low-cost carriers JetBlue and Spirit and regional carrier Pinnacle Airlines (Tables 11-12).
The top passenger revenue yields were reported by regional carriers American Eagle, Comair and Atlantic Southeast Airlines (Table 16). The lowest passenger revenue yields were reported by low-cost carriers JetBlue, Spirit and America West (Table 15). Alaska reported the highest passenger yield of any network carrier (Table 14).
Airline financial data from the third quarter of 2007 and previous quarters are posted on the BTS website at TranStats, the Intermodal Transportation Database, http://www.transtats.bts.gov/Fields.asp?Table_ID=295. Data are compiled from quarterly financial and monthly traffic reports filed with BTS by commercial air carriers.
Financial and traffic data are preliminary and include data received by BTS as of Dec. 13. Data are subject to revision. BTS will release fourth quarter financial data on May 19, 2008.
Table 1: System* Quarterly Operating profit/loss margin (in percent)
Passenger Airlines by Group
Ranked by 3rd Quarter 2007 Margin
(Operating Profit/Loss as Percent of Total Operating Revenue)
|
3Q 2007 Rank |
Carrier Group |
3rd Quarter 2006 (%) |
4th Quarter 2006 (%) |
1st Quarter 2007 (%) |
2nd Quarter 2007 (%) |
3rd Quarter 2007 (%) |
3rd Quarter Operating Profit/Loss $(Millions) |
|
1 |
Network |
5.4 |
1.7 |
2.5 |
9.2 |
8.8 |
2,387 |
|
2 |
Low-Cost** |
3.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
8.1 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
3 |
Regional |
8.9 |
10.0 |
6.3 |
5.7 |
5.3 |
132 |
|
|
21-Carrier Total** |
5.4 |
2.5 |
2.7 |
8.8 |
N/A |
N/A |
Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics; Form 41, Schedule P1.2
* System = domestic + international
** No calculations were made for 3rd Quarter 2007 because ATA Airlines failed to file its quarterly financial report with BTS.
Table 2: System* Quarterly Operating profit/loss margin (in percent)
Network Carriers
Ranked by 3rd Quarter 2007 Margin
(Operating Profit/Loss as Percent of Total Operating Revenue)
|
3Q 2007 Rank |
Network Carriers |
3rd Quarter 2006 (%) |
4th Quarter 2006 (%) |
1st Quarter 2007 (%) |
2nd Quarter 2007 (%) |
3rd Quarter 2007 (%) |
3rd Quarter Operating Profit/Loss $(Millions) |
|
1 |
Northwest |
11.1 |
3.7 |
7.2 |
11.3 |
13.2 |
460 |
|
2 |
Alaska |
0.5 |
-0.7 |
-2.7 |
9.6 |
12.8 |
112 |
|
3 |
United |
6.6 |
0.3 |
-2.0 |
10.1 |
11.5 |
636 |
|
4 |
US Airways |
5.9 |
7.4 |
4.4 |
13.9 |
10.7 |
243 |
|
5 |
Delta |
3.0 |
-0.1 |
3.5 |
9.3 |
8.0 |
422 |
|
6 |
Continental |
4.9 |
0.2 |
1.5 |
7.0 |
6.6 |
250 |
|
7 |
American |
3.8 |
2.3 |
3.4 |
6.7 |
4.5 |
265 |
|
|
Seven-Carrier Total |
5.4 |
1.7 |
2.5 |
9.2 |
8.8 |
2,387 |
Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics; Form 41, Schedule P1.2
* System = domestic + international
Table 3: System* Quarterly Operating profit/loss margin (in percent)
Low-Cost Carriers
Ranked by 3rd Quarter 2007 Margin
(Operating Profit/Loss as Percent of Total Operating Revenue
|
3Q 2007 Rank |
Low-Cost Carriers |
3rd Quarter 2006 (%) |
4th Quarter 2006 (%) |
1st Quarter 2007 (%) |
2nd Quarter 2007 (%) |
3rd Quarter 2007 (%) |
3rd Quarter Operating Profit/Loss $(Millions) |
|
1 |
JetBlue |
5.5 |
9.6 |
-2.2 |
10.2 |
10.0 |
77 |
|
2 |
Southwest |
11.2 |
7.6 |
3.8 |
12.7 |
9.7 |
252 |
|
3 |
AirTran |
-0.7 |
0.5 |
2.7 |
11.7 |
6.3 |
39 |
|
4 |
Frontier |
1.3 |
-6.9 |
-2.1 |
0.5 |
6.1 |
23 |
|
5 |
Spirit |
-20.3 |
-20.1 |
7.0 |
5.5 |
3.7 |
8 |
|
6 |
America West |
-11.2 |
-7.9 |
5.1 |
-2.6 |
-4.5 |
-41 |
|
7 |
ATA** |
2.2 |
-6.6 |
-16.9 |
-6.0 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
Seven-Carrier Total** |
3.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
8.1 |
N/A |
N/A |
Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics; Form 41, Schedule P1.2
* System = domestic + international
** No calculations were made for 3rd Quarter 2007 because ATA Airlines failed to file its quarterly financial report with BTS.
Table 4: System* Quarterly Operating profit/loss margin (in percent)
Regional Carriers
Ranked by 3rd Quarter 2007 Margin
(Operating Profit/Loss as Percent of Total Operating Revenue)
|
3Q 2007 Rank |
Regional Carriers |
3rd Quarter 2006 (%) |
4th Quarter 2006 (%) |
1st Quarter 2007 (%) |
2nd Quarter 2007 (%) |
3rd Quarter 2007 (%) |
3rd Quarter Operating Profit/Loss $(Millions) |
|
1 |
Atlantic Southeast |
12.1 |
13.1 |
12.9 |
11.6 |
12.9 |
42 |
|
2 |
Pinnacle |
12.3 |
29.8 |
9.0 |
9.1 |
10.4 |
16 |
|
3 |
Sky West |
9.6 |
7.3 |
7.6 |
9.1 |
9.5 |
51 |
|
4 |
American Eagle |
9.8 |
10.1 |
11.2 |
10.3 |
6.5 |
33 |
|
5 |
Comair |
6.8 |
4.6 |
2.5 |
7.0 |
5.6 |
16 |
|
6 |
Mesa |
3.7 |
4.3 |
-8.2 |
3.1 |
3.6 |
10 |
|
7 |
Express Jet |
8.4 |
8.3 |
3.8 |
-10.3 |
-8.1 |
-35 |
|
|
Seven-Carrier Total |
8.9 |
10.0 |
6.3 |
5.7 |
5.3 |
132 |
Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics; Form 41, Schedule P1.2
* System = domestic + international
Table 5. System* Airline Unit Revenue (Cents Per Mile)
Passenger Airlines by Group
Ranked by 3rd Quarter
2007 Unit Revenue
(Operating Revenue Per Available Seat
Mile)
|
3Q 2007 Rank |
Carrier Group |
3rd Quarter 2006 |
4th Quarter 2006 |
1st Quarter 2007 |
2nd Quarter 2007 |
3rd Quarter 2007 |
3rd Quarter Operating Revenue $(Millions) |
|
1 |
Network |
14.1 |
13.5 |
13.5 |
14.8 |
14.9 |
27,088 |
|
2 |
Regional |
15.0 |
15.0 |
14.9 |
14.9 |
14.7 |
2,519 |
|
3 |
Low-Cost** |
10.1 |
9.8 |
9.6 |
10.4 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
21-Carrier Total** |
13.3 |
12.8 |
12.7 |
13.9 |
N/A |
N/A |
Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics; Form 41, Schedule P1.2. T100; T2 Data
* System = domestic + international
** No calculations were made for 3rd Quarter 2007 because ATA Airlines failed to file its quarterly financial report with BTS.
Table 6. System* Airline Unit Revenue (Cents Per Mile)
Network Carriers
Ranked by 3rd Quarter
2007 Unit Revenue
(Operating Revenue Per Available Seat
Mile)
|
3Q 2007 Rank |
Network Carriers |
3rd Quarter 2006 |
4th Quarter 2006 |
1st Quarter 2007 |
2nd Quarter 2007 |
3rd Quarter 2007 |
3rd Quarter Operating Revenue $(Millions) |
|
1 |
US Airways |
16.7 |
16.6 |
16.6 |
19.0 |
17.7 |
2,267 |
|
2 |
Northwest |
15.3 |
13.9 |
13.5 |
14.7 |
15.7 |
3,468 |
|
3 |
Delta |
14.0 |
13.9 |
14.2 |
15.7 |
15.2 |
5,275 |
|
4 |
United |
14.0 |
13.0 |
12.7 |
14.5 |
15.1 |
5,505 |
|
5 |
Continental |
14.1 |
13.6 |
13.6 |
14.5 |
14.5 |
3,778 |
|
6 |
Alaska |
12.4 |
11.0 |
11.6 |
13.0 |
13.8 |
874 |
|
7 |
American |
13.1 |
12.8 |
13.0 |
13.7 |
13.7 |
5,921 |